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1 January 1835 Incidental music to Schmale’s play Beim Antritt des neuen Jahres WWV 36 by Richard Wagner (21) is performed for the first time, in the Magdeburg Stadttheater, conducted by the composer.

2 January 1835 With today’s issue, the Neue Leipziger Zeitschrift für Musik becomes the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik and Robert Schumann (24) becomes the sole editor. “Our aim ... is simply this: ... to oppose the recent past as an inartistic period ... [and] to prepare for and facilitate the advent of a fresh poetic future.”

Felix Mendelssohn (25) receives an offer of a professorship at the University of Leipzig.  He will refuse.

10 January 1835 The overture to Richard Wagner’s (21) romantic opera Die FeenWWV 32 is performed for the first time, in Magdeburg, conducted by the composer.  See 12 December 1833 and 29 June 1888.

17 January 1835 Clara Wieck (17) and her father begin a concert tour of Hannover, Bremen and Hamburg.

18 January 1835 Tsezar Antonovich Kyui (Cui) is born in Vilna (Vilnius), the son of a French father, a member of Napoleon’s army who stayed in Russia who now teaches French in the gymnasium, and a Lithuanian mother, Julia Gucewicz.

24 January 1835 I puritani, a melodramma serio by Vincenzo Bellini (33) to words of Pepoli after Ancelot and Xavier, is performed for the first time, at the Théâtre-Italien, Paris.  Gioachino Rossini (42), who is present, reports that the work is “a brilliant success.”  The composer will write that by the end of the duet (Il rival salvar tu dei) “the French had all gone crazy.”

25 January 1835 Hector Berlioz (31) begins his duties as concert critic at the Journal des Débats, a post he will hold for the next 28 years.

27 January 1835 Clara Wieck (15) plays her Caprices en forme de valse pour le piano op.2 publicly for the first time, in Hannover.  See 13 January 1833.

30 January 1835 An insane man named Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot US President Andrew Jackson as the president is exiting the Capitol Building in Washington.  Both of Lawrence’s pistols misfire and Jackson begins caning his assailant.  The crowd subdue Lawrence and hand him over to authorities.

31 January 1835 King Louis-Philippe of France signs the appointment of Vincenzo Bellini (33) as Chevalier of the Legion of Honor.

3 February 1835 At the third performance of I Puritani at the Théâtre-Italien, Paris, the decree and ribbon making him a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor are presented to Vincenzo Bellini (33).

6 February 1835 A month of voting in the British general elections ends.  The Whig Party of Viscount Melbourne defeats the Conservatives of Prime Minister Robert Peel.

16 February 1835 Incidental music to Apel’s play Columbus WWV 37 by Richard Wagner (21) is performed for the first time, in Magdeburg, conducted by the composer.

23 February 1835 La juive, an opéra by Fromental Halévy (35) to words of Scribe, is performed for the first time, in the Paris Opéra.  It will become Halévy’s most important success.

24 February 1835 The first article written by Hector Berlioz (31) as the regular critic for the Journal des Débats appears today, signed H***.

28 February 1835 In a letter, William Henry Fox Talbot describes his photographic negative-positive system.

Navajos attack Mexican troops (at Washington Pass, New Mexico) inflicting heavy losses.

2 March 1835 Emperor Franz I of Austria, King Frantisek I of Bohemia, King Ferenc I of Hungary dies in Vienna and is succeeded by his son, Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria, King Ferdinand V of Bohemia, King Ferdinánd V of Hungary.

12 March 1835 Achille Charles Léonce Victor, Duc de Broglie replaces Edouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, Duc de Treviso as Prime Minister of France.

Gaetano Donizetti’s (37) tragedia lirica Marino Faliero to words of Bidèra after Delavigne is performed for the first time, at the Théâtre-Italien, Paris.  The work is accorded a good, if not overwhelming reception.

17 March 1835 Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (30) proposes marriage to Maria Petrovna Ivanovna.  She accepts.

18 March 1835 Johann Nepomuk Hummel (56) is made an honorary member of the Maatschappy tot Bevordering der Toonkunst, Amsterdam.

25 March 1835 Gaetano Donizetti (37) leaves Paris after modest success to return to Naples.

28 March 1835 Le cheval de bronze, an opéra-féerie by Daniel-François-Esprit Auber (53) to words of Scribe, is performed for the first time, at the Paris Opéra.

31 March 1835 This is the last performance of I Puritani because the opera season in Paris ends today.  Every performance since 31 January has been sold out.  Vincenzo Bellini (33) will write “it was impossible for me to show my face in the stalls without the audience applauding me, and so many people turned around to look at me that I had to remain in hiding.”  (Galatopoulos, 387)

6 April 1835 Two duets from Richard Wagner’s (21) romantic opera Das Liebesverbot to his own words are performed for the first time, in the Magdeburg Stadttheater, conducted by the composer.  See 29 March 1836.

9 April 1835 A joint performance by Franz Liszt (23) and Hector Berlioz (31) at Salle St. Jean, Hôtel de Ville, Paris includes the premiere of Liszt’s Grande fantaisie symphonique on themes from Berlioz’ Lelio, for piano and orchestra.  At the end, as he plays Grosses Konzertstück über Mendelssohns Lieder ohne Worte with Mlle Vial, Liszt collapses and is carried off.

18 April 1835 William Lamb, Viscount Melbourne replaces Sir Robert Peel as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

26 April 1835 Grand Polonaise op.22 for piano and orchestra by Frédéric Chopin (25) is performed for the first time, at the Paris Conservatoire, the composer at the keyboard.

29 April 1835 US envoy Edward Livingston departs France after being unable to get the French government to live up to their commitments under the 1831 treaty to pay spoliation claims.

1 May 1835 The Lieder ohne Worte op.30 by Felix Mendelssohn (26) are published simultaneously in Germany, France and Britain.

2 May 1835 In an attempt to satisfy his creditors, Richard Wagner (21) organizes a benefit concert for himself in Magdeburg, including a large orchestra and the famed singer Wilhelmine Schröder-Devrient.  The evening is a fiasco, with the orchestra outnumbering the audience.  Those strong enough to attend leave before the end of Wellington’s Victory.

3 May 1835 The Gazette musicale publishes the first of six installments of Franz Liszt’s (23) “On the Situation of Artists and Their Condition in Society.”  It is actually co-authored by Marie d’Agoult.

4 May 1835 Samuel Sebastian Wesley (24), organist at Hereford Cathedral, marries Mary Anne Merewether, sister of the dean of Hereford Cathedral, in the village of Ewyas Harold to the south.  The “runaway” nature of the wedding probably moved along Wesley’s departure from the cathedral.

5 May 1835 King Leopold of Belgium opens a railroad line from Brussels to Mechelen.  It is the first public passenger railroad opened on the continent.

8 May 1835 Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (30) marries Maria Petrovna Ivanova, his sister’s brother-in-law’s wife’s sister.  They will separate after four years and divorce.

Tales, Told for Children (first collection) by Hans Christian Andersen is published in Copenhagen.

12 May 1835 Baden joins the German Zollverein.

14 May 1835 Nicolò Paganini (52) receives a gold medal from the City of Genoa.

26 May 1835 Marie d’Agoult, five months after her daughter’s death, writes to her husband Charles that she is leaving him and their second daughter.  She has been in a liaison with Franz Liszt (23) for more than two years and now wishes to join him permanently.  She heads for Switzerland.

27 May 1835 João Carlos Gregório Domingues Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, marques e conde de Saldanha replaces Pedro de Sousa Holstein, marquês e conde de Palmela as Prime Minister of Portugal.

1 June 1835 Josef Ludwig Count Armansperg replaces Ioannis Kolettis as Prime Minister of Greece.

Franz Liszt (23) quietly slips out of Paris to be with Marie d’Agoult in Basel.

4 June 1835 Franz Liszt (23) arrives in Basel where Marie d’Agoult has arrived within the last few days accompanied by her mother.

7 June 1835 José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia, Conde de Toreno replaces Francisco Martínez de la Rosa as Prime Minister of Spain.

13 June 1835 Felix Mendelssohn (26) accepts the position of director of the Gewandhaus concerts in Leipzig for next year.

14 June 1835 The Gazette Musicale de Paris publishes the first “official” biography of Franz Liszt (23), by Joseph d’Ortigue.  (it may have been written by Marie d’Agoult)

15 June 1835 The Institute of British Architects is inaugurated.

24 June 1835 César Franck (12) begins lessons in composition with Anton Reicha in Paris.

26 June 1835 Algerian forces under Abd al-Kadir defeat the French at Macta, near Oran.

2 July 1835 Less than two years after his appointment as music director for the city, Felix Mendelssohn (26) gives his last concert in Düsseldorf.

15 July 1835 Forces of the liberal government of Spain defeat the Carlists (conservatives) at Mendigorría.

19 July 1835 After a journey through the Swiss countryside of over a month, Franz Liszt (23) and Marie d’Agoult arrive in Geneva and take up residence together.

28 July 1835 Corsicans led by Giuseppe-Maria Fieschi fire upon an entourage containing King Louis-Philippe as it passes through the Boulevard du Temple, Paris during celebrations commemorating the July revolution of 1830.  The King is grazed in the face but 18 others, including Maréchal de France Edouard-Adolphe Mortier, Duke of Treviso are killed.  22 are wounded.  The Corsicans will be rounded up and guillotined.

15 August 1835 Samuel Sebastian Wesley (25) is appointed organist at Exeter Cathedral.

16 August 1835 Frédéric Chopin (25) meets his parents for the first time since leaving Poland, in Karlsbad.  They stay together for three weeks.

19 August 1835 Günther Friedrich Karl II replaces Günther Friedrich Karl I as Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen.

30 August 1835 Felix Mendelssohn (26) arrives in Leipzig to take up directorship of the Gewandhaus Orchestra.

31 August 1835 Felix Mendelssohn (26) attends a rehearsal of the Gewandhaus orchestra for the first time since becoming its director.  At this rehearsal he is introduced to Robert Schumann (25).

2 September 1835 Samuel Sebastian Wesley (25) resigns his position of organist at Hereford Cathedral.

6 September 1835 Frédéric Chopin (25) and his parents travel from Karlsbad to the estate of Count Bedrich Thun-Hohenstein in Cieszyn, Silesia.  While in Paris, Chopin taught the count’s two sons.

9 September 1835 The French monarchy is strengthened by the promulgation of the “September Laws.”  These are three measures, including press censorship, stiffening the power of the government against insurrection or even criticism.

Bedridden at Puteaux, Vincenzo Bellini (33) is visited by a doctor sent from Paris by Princess Belgioiso.

The Municipal Reform Act is granted Royal Assent by King William.  It is part of a Whig program to reform local government and broaden participation of all classes.

12 September 1835 Wilhelm Wieprecht, director of the Berlin Gardes du Corps-Musik, receives a patent for a bass tuba.

13 September 1835 Felix Mendelssohn (26) is introduced to the members of the Gewandhaus, Leipzig, and conducts his first rehearsal.  Later, he is guest of honor at the 16th birthday party for Clara Wieck.  He entertains the assembled by doing imitations of Chopin (25) and Liszt (23) at the piano, then plays his own music alone and with Clara.  At Clara’s request Mendelssohn plays the scherzo from Schumann’s (25) new Piano Sonata.  Clara receives her presents, a new Capriccio, a birthday ode and a gold watch from the Davidsbund.

14 September 1835 Miguel Ricardo de Alava Esquivel replaces José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia, conde de Toreno as Prime Minister of Spain.

At the estate of Count Thun-Hohenstein in Cieszyn, Silesia, Frédéric Chopin (25) says goodbye to his parents for the last time.  After spending a month together, in Karlsbad and Cieszyn, his parents are returning to Poland.

15 September 1835 Messa di Gloria for solo voices, chorus and orchestra by Giuseppe Verdi (21) is performed for the first time, in Busseto.

16 September 1835 HMS Beagle reaches the Galapagos Islands with a young scientist on board named Charles Darwin.  It will stay for 34 days.

19 September 1835 Frédéric Chopin (25) arrives in Dresden from seeing his parents in Cieszyn.  He is on his way to Leipzig.

Stephen Austin calls on Anglo settlers in Texas to rise against the Mexican government.

23 September 1835 17:00  Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini dies alone at a country house in the Paris suburb of Puteaux, aged 33 years, ten months and 20 days.

25 September 1835 Juan Alvarez Mendizábal replaces Miguel Ricardo de Alava Esquivel as Prime Minister of Spain.

An autopsy on the body of Vincenzo Bellini shows “an acute inflammation of the large intestine, complicated by an abscess of the liver.”  The cause of death is amoebic dysentery.

26 September 1835 Lucia di Lammermoor, a dramma tragico by Gaetano Donizetti (37) to words of Cammarano after Scott, is performed for the first time, in Teatro San Carlo, Naples.  The composer reports that “It has pleased, and pleased very much.”

27 September 1835 Frédéric Chopin (25) arrives in Leipzig and spends the day making music with Mendelssohn (26).  During his stay, he visits Robert Schumann (25) and the Wiecks, and declares that Clara Wieck (16) is the only person in Germany to properly play his compositions.

29 September 1835 Grand duo concertant sur la romance de ‘Le Marin’ for violin and piano by Franz Liszt (23) is performed for the first time, in Geneva.

2 October 1835 A Requiem mass for Vincenzo Bellini is held at Les Invalides.  According to a report, “Paer, Cherubini (75), Carafa and Rossini (43) each held one corner of the shroud.”  Bellini’s earthly remains are laid to rest in Pére-Lachaise Cemetery between those of Andre Ernest Modeste Grétry (†22) and François-Adrien Boieldieu (†0).  See 15 September 1876.

4 October 1835 Felix Mendelssohn conducts his first performance as director of the Gewandhaus Orchestra, Leipzig.  The program features his own Calm Sea and Prosperous Voyage and the Fourth Symphony of Ludwig van Beethoven (†8).

7 October 1835 Samuel Sebastian Wesley (25) enters upon duties as organist at Exeter Cathedral.  See 15 August 1835.

9 October 1835 06:45  Charles Camille Saint-Saëns is born in Paris, the son of Jacques Joseph Victor Saint-Saëns, an audit clerk at the Ministry of the Interior, Paris, and Clémence Françoise Collin, daughter of a carpenter.  The baby is their first and only child, as the father will die on 31 December of consumption.

11 October 1835 The last installment of “On the Situation of Artists and Their Condition in Society” by Franz Liszt (23) appears in the Gazette musicale de Paris.

14 October 1835 A Gran marcia funebre for orchestra in memory of Bellini (†1) by Otto Nicolai (26) is performed for the first time, in Teatro Valle, Rome, between the acts of La Sonnambula.

16 October 1835 After a stressful, emotional trip of two months to Karlsbad, Cieszyn, Dresden, Leipzig and Heidelberg, where he saw his parents, former students, met Felix Mendelssohn (26), Robert Schumann (25), and Clara Wieck (15), Frédéric Chopin (25) returns to Paris.

18 October 1835 The Hochzeitskantate Cassia La sede empirea for four voices and piano by Otto Nicolai (25) is performed for the first time.

21 October 1835 Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison is dragged through the streets of Boston at the end of a rope by a pro-slavery mob.  They were angered by his preaching that “all men are created equal.”  Police rescue him and place him in protective custody.

22 October 1835 Wilhelm III Friedrich Christian, Count von Aldenburg replaces Wilhelm II Gustav Friedrich as Baron of Knyphausen.

US inventor Samuel Colt is granted a British patent for his breech-loading revolver.

28 October 1835 Maoris calling themselves the Confederation of the United Tribes declares independence under British protection.

4 November 1835 A quorum of elected delegates is reached in San Felipe and the Consultation for Texas begins deliberations.

6 November 1835 Unable to resolve the spoliation issue, US charge d’affaires Thomas Barton departs Paris, thus severing relations between the two countries.

7 November 1835 A “Consultation” of Texas delegates meeting in San Felipe approves a provisional government based on the Constitution of 1824, but simultaneously asserts the right of Texas to declare independence from Mexico.

9 November 1835 Felix Mendelssohn (26), Clara Wieck (16) and Louis Rakeman perform J.S. Bach’s (†85) Concerto in d minor for three keyboards and orchestra for the first time in the composer’s home city of Leipzig since his death.  The performance is very successful and continues Mendelssohn’s dedication to reviving the music of Bach.  This day also sees the first complete performance of Clara Wieck’s Concerto for piano and orchestra in a minor, orchestrated by Robert Schumann (25), with the composer as soloist, Mendelssohn conducting.  See 5 May 1834.

13 November 1835 The Consultation of San Felipe creates an organic law for Texas and creates a regular army headed by Sam Houston.

14 November 1835 The Consultation of San Felipe adjourns leaving a provisional government with Henry Smith as Governor.

17 November 1835 César Franck (12) gives his first piano recital in Paris, at the Gymnase Musical.  In spite of a vigorous advertising campaign by his father, no review appears in the press.

18 November 1835 José Jorge Loureiro replaces João Carlos Gregório Domingues Vicente Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, marques e conde de Saldanha as Prime Minister of Portugal.

22 November 1835 Le cinq Mai:  chant sur la mort de l’Empereur Napoléon for bass, chorus and orchestra by Hector Berlioz (31) to words of de Béranger is performed for the first time, at the Paris Conservatoire.

24 November 1835 Nicolò Paganini (53) receives an audience with Duchess Maria Louisa of Parma.

28 November 1835 Robert Schumann (25) visits Clara Wieck (16) at the Wieck house in Leipzig before she leaves on a concert tour.  At the end of the evening, as she is showing him out, they kiss for the first time.  “I thought I was on the point of fainting...everything went black in front of my eyes; I could barely hold the lamp that was supposed to light your way,--I thought I was dreaming.”

7 December 1835 The first steam railway in Germany opens between Nuremberg and Fürth.

The Twenty-fourth Congress of the United States convenes in Washington.  The Democratic Party’s strength remains unchanged while Whigs (formerly National Republicans) gain twelve seats at the expense of smaller parties.  Democrats make small gains in the Senate but remain in the minority.

11 December 1835 Mexican forces within San Antonio surrender to Texans surrounding them.

12 December 1835 After Nicolò Paganini (53) leads an orchestra concert in Parma for the birthday of Grand Duchess Marie-Louise, she gives him exclusive control over court music.

15 December 1835 Vincenzo Lavigna certifies that Giuseppe Verdi (22) successfully completed lessons in counterpoint with him in Milan and that he is eligible for employment as a maestro di cappella.

16 December 1835 Fromental Halévy’s (36) opéra comique L’éclair to words of Saint-Georges and de Planard is performed for the first time, at the Théâtre de la Bourse, Paris.  The critics are pleased.  Among the orchestra is a young cellist named Jacques Offenbach (16).

A large fire destroys 530 buildings in New York City.

18 December 1835 Five months after they take up residence together in Geneva, the first child of Franz Liszt (24) and Marie d’Agoult is born, a daughter named Blandine Rachel.

20 December 1835 Native Americans in Georgia are forced by the white government to move from their ancestral homeland, across the Mississippi River.  Gold has been discovered on their land.

24 December 1835 An opinion of the Committee on Finance finds that the annuity promised to Gioachino Rossini (43) by King Charles X and withheld by the new regime can now be afforded by the French government.  The Ministry of Finance decides to drop its case against Rossini and pay the annuity retroactive to 1 July 1830.  The composer is now set for life.

25 December 1835 A royal decree grants Nicolò Paganini (53) complete control of music in the Duchy of Parma.

28 December 1835 Two companies of US soldiers (110 men) are wiped out by Seminoles between Fort Brooke and Fort King in central Florida.  At the same time, Seminole Chief Osceola kills Indian agent Wiley Thompson and six others at Fort King.  This is seen as the beginning of the Second Seminole War.

29 December 1835 By the Treaty of New Echota, the Cherokees give up all their land east of the Mississippi in return for land in Oklahoma and $5,000,000.

30 December 1835 The original version of Maria Stuarda, a tragedia lirica by Gaetano Donizetti (38) to words of Bardari after Schiller, is performed for the first time, at Teatro alla Scala, Milan.  The lead soprano, Maria Felicita Malibran, carries through even though ill.  Unfortunately, it shows.  See 18 October 1834.

©Paul Scharfenberger 2004-2012

9 July 2012